Git and GitHub are available at Infomaniak with all hosting offers on…

• … Shared Web Hosting
• … Managed Cloud Server

and of course the Jelastic Cloud offer, which will allow you to deeply integrate versioning.

This guide explains how to resolve issues that may occur with a Web Hosting if it has undergone changes to its IP address (e.g., a server move) and your computer retains the old position in its DNS cache.

Flush the DNS cache…

When you visit a website, your computer locally stores an association between the domain name and its IP address in the DNS cache. This speeds up the DNS resolution process for future visits to the same site, as the computer can avoid querying the DNS servers again to obtain the IP address.

By clearing the DNS cache, you force your computer to query the DNS servers again to obtain the latest up-to-date information on the IP addresses of the sites you visit.

... on Windows

Run the following command from a Terminal application (command-line interface, CLI /Command Line Interface) on your device. Example:

1. Open the Start menu.
2. Type cmd.
3. In the search results, click on Command Prompt.
4. Run the command ipconfig /flushdns.

… on macOS

Run the following command from a Terminal application (command-line interface, CLI /Command Line Interface) on your device:

• Run the command lookupd -flushcache (if it fails: dscacheutil -flushcache).

… on Linux

Run the following command from a Terminal application (command-line interface, CLI /Command Line Interface) on your device:

• Run the command sudo systemctl restart nscd or sudo /etc/init.d/nscd restart to restart nscd.

This guide explains how to establish the first SSH connection on your VPS Cloud / VPS Lite.

Running a command with root privileges…

From a command-line interface (CLI) application like Terminal on your device, for example the PuTTY application (to download and install on Windows) or Terminal (installed by default on macOS), run sudo -i to load the complete root environment, giving you a full interactive session as root with the root's personal directory and environment variables. Learn more

... on macOS or Linux

To connect, you must open a Terminal window and run the following command:

ssh -i [key path] [user]@[server]

• [key path] = link to the file containing the private key; as a reminder, when ordering your VPS Cloud / VPS Lite, you were invited to generate a key pair or upload your own public key (permissions must be sufficient, e.g., 0700)
• [user] = see below for default usernames
• [server] = IPv4 address of the server (indicated on the Manager)

Example: ssh -i c:/path/key ubuntu@192.168.1.1

If you encounter the error "WARNING: UNPROTECTED PRIVATE KEY FILE!", run the command chmod 400 [key path].

... on Windows

Windows does not natively support SSH connections: enable the Bash shell (Windows 10 minimum) or download the following two free software programs: PuTTY & PuTTYgen

To begin, your private key must be converted to be used with PuTTY.

To do this, open PuTTYgen and click the «Load» button to load your private key. Then, save your private key using the «Save private key» button.

Open PuTTY now and provide the following:

Under Session (in the left sidebar):

• [HostName] = server's IPv4 address (indicated on the Manager)
• [Port] = leave the default port, which is 22
• [Connection type] = specify «SSH» here

Under Connection / SSH / Auth (in the left sidebar):

• Open your private key generated via PuTTYgen using the «Browse» button under «Private key file for authentication»
• Click the «Open» button at the bottom of the window. A terminal will open and prompt you for your username (user = see below)

Default username [user] for unmanaged Cloud servers with:

Linux distribution table

This guide allows you to “unlock” any Windows parameter blocked by the message “Some settings are hidden or managed by your organization” (such as changing the wallpaper, for example) and lift these restrictions in place by default on the server offer VPS Cloud / VPS Lite.

Reset the local group policy settings

To reset all local group policy settings to their default values:

1. Open the command prompt as an administrator.

2. Enter the following commands:

   RD /S /Q "%windir%\System32\GroupPolicyUsers"
   RD /S /Q "%windir%\System32\GroupPolicy"
   gpupdate /force

3. Restart the machine.

This guide explains how to run the open source dependency manager Composer 2 using an SSH command.

Preamble

• Composer is an open-source dependency manager for PHP that allows you to define, install, and update the libraries required for a PHP project.
• Composer 1 has been obsolete since 2021 and will no longer allow the installation of new packages or updates since 2025.
• Only version 2 of Composer is now supported and available on all PHP versions from 7.2 to 8.3.

Run Composer 2

Composer 2 is already pre-installed and accessible via SSH. Therefore, there is no need to install it manually.

Simple usage

Log in to your hosting via SSH, then use the following command:

composer

This command will automatically run version 2 of Composer, which is compatible with the PHP version currently in use in your session.

Check the active version

You can check the available version of Composer with:

composer --version

Example output: Composer version 2.5.0 2022-12-20 10:44:08 

Force a specific PHP version

If you want to run Composer with a specific version of PHP, aliases are available. For example:

composer_php8.1 --version

or for example:

composer_php7.4

These aliases allow you to run Composer 2 with the specified PHP interpreter, useful for testing or deploying a project on a target version of PHP.

This guide explains how to update a Let's Encrypt SSL certificate for a website hosted by Infomaniak.

Preamble

• It may be necessary, following the addition or removal of aliases to a website, to regenerate a certificate to include the new domain names linked to the website.
• The dashboard will clearly indicate that one of the domains linked to the site is not included in the current SSL certificate:
  
  

Update a Let's Encrypt certificate

To access certificate management:

1. Click here to access the management of your product on the Infomaniak Manager (need help?).
2. Click directly on the name assigned to the product in question:
   
3. Click on the action menu ⋮.
4. Click on Change the certificate:
   
5. Select the type of certificate to update.
6. Click on the Next button:
   
7. Check or select the relevant domains.
8. Click on the button Install:
   

This guide lists the supported operating systems (Linux distributions) that can be installed when ordering a VPS Cloud / VPS Lite.

Prerequisites

• Set a password for your user after first connecting with the private key, especially to troubleshoot your server by connecting via the VNC console in case of an issue.

Natively supported Linux distributions
 

Debian

If you come from the Debian community, then a server of this type would be an excellent choice, an alternative to CentOS proposed below. The editions of Debian are very stable, especially since "Buster" or more recently "Bookworm" (Debian 12). Learn more

Ubuntu

If you are familiar with Ubuntu desktop version, you might want to have it on your server. Learn more

FreeBSD

The base code of FreeBSD has been continuously developed, improved, and optimized for over thirty years. It is developed and maintained by a large team of people. FreeBSD offers advanced network features, enhanced security, and high-level performance. Learn more

openSUSE

This distribution is ideal for beginners, experienced users and ultra geeks, in short, it is suitable for everyone! Learn more

CentOS

CentOS is the most popular distribution for a web server and therefore has great support, whether on the community forum or anywhere on the Web. CentOS editions are very stable in the long term. Learn more

Other Linux distributions

Infomaniak regularly adds new Linux distributions:

• Fedora
• rancherOS
• ArchLinux
• AlmaLinux
• RockyLinux

Specific distribution / disk image

Only official images can be installed and Infomaniak does not install any operating system from an ISO disk image. If you wish to install a specific distribution, you can do so by importing the image to Public Cloud.

This guide explains how to change the PHP version directly from the command line when you run PHP scripts using PHP CLI (Command Line Interface) on an Web Hosting Infomaniak.

Preamble

• This can be useful when you need to temporarily modify certain parameters for a specific script or for a PHP session.
• If you use only the mention php below, it is the release preceding the one already in place that will be installed (last version -1): if the last installed version is 8.1, it is 8.0 that will be used with "php". It is preferable to use the mention php-7.0, php-7.1, etc. so that the version does not change over time with updates.
• Refer to this other guide if you are looking for information about configuring the PHP version set on the Infomaniak Manager.
   

Change the PHP version used in CLI

It is possible to easily modify the PHP version used in the command line (CLI) via SSH:

1. Log in to the server via SSH (need help?).

2. Create a .profile file if it does not exist:

   touch ~/.profile

3. Edit the .profile file:

   nano ~/.profile

4. Add this code inside the file to select the desired PHP version:

   export PATH=/opt/php7.4/bin:$PATH

5. Load the .profile file:

   source ~/.profile

6. Check the PHP version:

   php -v

Interactive mode

The .profile file mentioned above is only loaded when the user interface is used. In SSH (login mode), it is the .bash_profile file that is sourced. And in interactive mode (non-login), it is the .bashrc file that is sourced.

Some server deployment scripts open sessions in interactive (non-login) mode and the environment variables are not loaded into the PATH even if the SSH session is correctly configured.

In this case, you need to load the php version in the .bashrc file (export PATH="/opt/php7.4/bin:$PATH"), and source the .bashrc file in the .bash_profile and .profile files (. ~/.bashrc).

After following these steps, the version of PHP you specified should be loaded into your shell environment every time you open a new session. This will allow you to run scripts using this version of PHP from the command line (CLI).

This guide explains how to install applications, PHP extensions and technologies (non-exhaustive list below) in a few clicks on Serveur Cloud only.

Install (or uninstall) apps / PHP extensions…

To find the list of technologies and proceed with their installation:

1. Click here to access the management of your Cloud Server on the Infomaniak Manager (need help?).
2. Click directly on the name assigned to the relevant Cloud Server.
3. Click on PHP Extensions or on ‘Fast Installer’ in the left sidebar:
   
   
    
4. Click on the action menu ⋮ to the right of the extension you wish to uninstall in the displayed table.
5. Click on Uninstall.
6. Otherwise, click on the blue button Install an extension to make your choice for a new installation:
   

Non-exhaustive list of available apps & extensions

• AdvanceCOMP
• BuildEssential
• electron_dev
• ExifTool
• FFmpeg ↗ guide
• Ghostscript
• Gifsicle
• GraphicsMagick
• HAProxy
• Imagemagick ↗ guide
• Jpegoptim
• libjpeg_turbo
• libqrencode
• libX11_xcb1
• MidnightCommander
• Memcached ↗ guide
• mongoDB
• NVM Node Version Manager
• OptiPNG
• p7zip
• PDFtk
• PHP_APCu
• PHP_CLI ↗ guide
• PHP_FPM    
• PHP_GnuPG
• PHP_gRPC
• PHP_igbinary
• PHP_IonCube ↗ guide
• PHP_OPcache
• PHP_PDF
• PHP_PDO_ODBC ↗ guide
• PHP_Swoole
• pip
• Pngcrush
• Pngquant
• Redis ↗ guide
• RRDTool The Round Robin Database Tool
• RubyCompass
• systemd ↗ guide
• tesseract_ocr
• varnish ↗ guide
• virtualenv
• WebP
• xauth
• xpdf
• xvfb
• ZSH

This guide concerns the task scheduler, a feature that allows you to run scripts on Web Hosting at the time and frequency of your choice to automate repetitive tasks.

Access the task scheduler (webcron)

To access the task scheduler tool:

1. Click here to access the management of your product on the Infomaniak Manager (need help?).
2. Click directly on the name assigned to the relevant product.
3. Click on Web in the left sidebar.
4. Click on Task Scheduler in the left sidebar:
   
5. Click on Tasks in the left sidebar.
6. The existing crons and running tasks are displayed under the two tabs of the page:
   
7. Click the Schedule a task button to create a scheduled task, specifying whether the script URL to be executed is password-protected, if you want to receive notifications, and of course the desired interval (see below), etc.
8. Do not forget to activate the task using the toggle switch.

Minimum intervals

You can schedule the cron at a minimum interval of:

• 15 minutes with a shared hosting
• 1 minute on Serveur Cloud

Access the log of the executed task

Click on the action menu ⋮ located to the right of the relevant item to access quick management of your task and its execution log: